face-to-face, online learning or on-the-job?

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When you’re thinking about study or training, it’s not just what you learn, but how you learn. The right approach can make it easier to stay engaged and keep moving forward.

Quick overview 

  • Face-to-face learning involves structured classes with direct support from teachers and other students.
  • Online learning offers flexible, self-paced study that can fit around your life.
  • On-the-job learning focusses on hands-on learning in a real workplace.
  • Each option suits different needs, goals and situations.

 

There is no one ‘right’ way to learn – what works for one person might not work for someone else. This guide compares your options so you can figure out what might suit you.  

Many courses and training programs offer a mix of face-to-face, online and practical training options. You might find that you prefer one approach, or more of a combination. Understanding your learning preferences might help you compare different courses and choose a delivery style that fits your needs and lifestyle. 

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Face-to-face learning

Face-to-face learning is where a teacher and student meet in a set place for a set time. This can be one-on-one, or more commonly, in a group classes.

Face-to-face learning can be an effective way to develop knowledge and skills because it often combines different ways of learning, including writing, reading, discussion, presentations, projects, group work, film clips, demonstrations and opportunities to practise and get feedback. 

Advantages of face-to-face learning

  • You may find it easier to concentrate on your learning with fewer distractions than studying at home.
  • You can gain knowledge through real world experiences and learn from the examples of others. 
  • Some people find they’re more likely to stay on track and complete their course in a structured team environment (completion rate of teacher-led classes is almost 5x higher than that of on line learning).
  • You may feel more comfortable in a familiar, traditional classroom setting.
  • You may gain more information or a richer understanding through the teacher’s and other students’ body language and tone. 
  • You may have opportunities to connect, problem-solve, and network with other students from a wide range of backgrounds. 

Is face-to-face learning for me?

Face-to-face learning could be a good fit for you if you enjoy group activities, discussions and learning with others,

It offers structure and support, but may be less flexible if you’re balancing work, family, or other commitments. 

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Online learning

An online learning course is one you take using a computer. You tend to have more flexibility with your schedule and can study from home. Most courses don’t need you to be online at a certain time, but you may be required to attend tutorials, classes or check-ins at set times occasionally. 

Advantages of online learning 

  • You can study in the comfort of your own home, or wherever suits you. 
  • It often costs less, with no need to travel or pay for parking.
  • Study can fit around your life, family and other commitments.
  • You can often still learn from your peers and have access to ask your teachers questions.
  • You have access to the course 24/7.
  • It may feel more relaxed than a classroom setting if you find those environments overwhelming.
  • Courses can still involve a variety of formats to suit your learning style, like videos, online discussions, and activities. 

Is online learning for me?

Online learning could be a good fit if you prefer to study independently, manage your own schedule, and learn at your own pace. 
 
While it offers flexibility, it can be more challenging if you find it hard to stay organised or motivated. 

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On-the-job learning

On-the-job learning takes place in a real work environment. 
 
It's usually face-to-face learning, where someone with experience shows another person, or a group of people, how to do a job.

A good example is an apprenticeship or traineeship. Most of their training happens in the workplace, where you learn by doing the job with support from a workplace trainer.

On-the-job learning can be effective because you’re practicing skills in a real setting, using the tools, equipment and systems you’ll need in the future. You’re also supported by someone who understands the job and how to teach it. 

Is on-the-job learning for me?

On-the-job learning may suit you if you prefer hands-on learning and building skills in a real work environment.

While it offers practical experience, it’s not always available in your chosen area and may feel like a big step if you’d prefer more time to build your confidence before stepping into the workplace.  

Each learning approach has its own strengths, and what works best for you will depend on your goals, commitments and how you learn best. When you’re selecting your course, taking some time to think about how you’ll engage with your learning and how it will fit into your life is a great way to set you up for success.  

If you're not sure what your next step is, exploring different study pathways can help you understand your options, including university, TAFE and other types of training. 

Get support with headspace Work & Study 

If you're aged 15 – 25, headspace can help you develop the skills and confidence to reach your work or study goals.  


headspace Work & Study programs are free to access online or in-person at over 50 headspace centres. 

The headspace Content Reference Group oversee and approve clinical resources made available on this website. 
 
Last reviewed 18/07/2026.  

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